BOD is the traditional, most widely used test to establish concentration of organic matter in wastewater samples (i.e., relative strength). Typical concentrations of organics in untreated domestic wastewater. This table can be used to understand how non-sanitary process wastewater compares to typical domestic wastewater. Table 1 shows the typical concentrations (mg/L) of organics found in untreated domestic wastewater. Wastewater generated by commercial, industrial and institutional facilities is typically referred to as "high-strength" compared to typical household wastewater. Today there are four common laboratory tests used to determine the gross amount of organic matter (i.e., concentrations > 1.0 mg/L) in wastewater: ORGANICS (BOD, COD, TOC, O&G)Īnalytical tests aimed at establishing the concentration (typically in mg/L or ppm) of organic (i.e., carbon-containing) matter have traditionally been used to determine the relative "strength" of a wastewater sample. This publication is designed to provide a solid working knowledge of one of the major wastewater analytical test categories: ORGANICS. However, a fundamental understanding of the theory behind and working knowledge of the basic procedures used for each test, and the answers to commonly asked questions about each test can be a valuable tool for anyone involved in generating, monitoring, treating or discharging process wastewater. For most people a complete understanding of the standard methods required to accurately complete critical wastewater analytical tests is not necessary. For example, the organics in a wastewater sample represented by BOD will also be represented in the spectrum of solids, either as suspended (TSS) or dissolved (TDS) particulates. In other words, a contaminant identified by one test in one category can also be identified in another test in a separate category. Interaction of wastewater analytical categories and laboratory tests.Īlthough wastewater analytical tests are often separated into categories, it is important to understand that these tests are not independent of each other (Figure 1).
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